Final answer:
The F1 generation of a cross between a homozygous pea plant with inflated green pods (FFGG) and a pea plant with constricted yellow pods (ffgg) will be heterozygous (FfGg) and display inflated green pods phenotype. In the F2 generation, there will be a 9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio with 9 inflated green pods, 3 inflated yellow pods, 3 constricted green pods, and 1 constricted yellow pod.
Step-by-step explanation:
In this question, we are considering a cross between a pea plant that is true breeding for inflated green pods (homozygous), let's represent it as FFGG, and another pea plant with constricted yellow pods, represented as ffgg.
The F1 generation resulting from the crossing of these pea plants will be heterozygous for both traits (FfGg) and will display the dominant phenotype, inflated green pods (as both F 'inflated' and G 'green' are dominant).
When the F1 generation self-fertilizes, the F2 generation will show a 9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio as per Mendel's laws. This means 9 will have inflated green pods (FFGG, FFGg, FfGG, FfGg), 3 will have inflated yellow pods (FFgg, Ffgg), 3 will have constricted green pods (ffGG, ffGg) and 1 will have constricted yellow pods (ffgg).
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