Final answer:
The four main functions of stems are support, conduction, storage, and photosynthesis. They provide support, transport substances between the roots and the leaves, store food and water, and participate in photosynthesis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The stem of a plant performs a vital role in its growth and survival. Here are four major functions:
- Support: The main function of the stem is to provide support to the plant, helping it stand upright and also bearing the weight of its leaves, flowers, and fruits.
- Conduction: The stem acts as a conduit, facilitating the transport of vital substances like water, nutrients, and sugars between the roots and the leaves.
- Storage: Stems also store food and water for the plant. This is especially visible in certain plants, like potato plants, where the stem tubers become the potatoes we eat.
- Photosynthesis: Although leaves are the primary sites of photosynthesis in most plants, green stems also participate in photosynthesis.
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