Final answer:
The presence of a cell wall and chloroplasts in plant cells enable them to be stationary autotrophs, while the lack of a cell wall and the presence of centrioles in animal cells allow for mobility and heterotrophic behavior.
Step-by-step explanation:
The major difference in the structure of plant and animal cells is the presence of certain specific organelles in plants. First among these is the cell wall, which gives the plant cells a sturdy structure, enabling them to stay stationary. Second, plant cells contain chloroplasts which are necessary for photosynthesis, the process by which autotrophs like plants produce their own food using sunlight. On the other hand, animal cells lack these organelles but have centrioles, helping in cell division and movement.
Animal cells are also more flexible due to the absence of a cell wall, which allows them for locomotion and predation, hallmarks of heterotrophic organisms. They obtain nutrition from other organisms rather than producing it on their own.
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