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The psychologists David Dunning and Justin Kruger theorize that a person who is _____ in a field will naturally be a _______ judge of his or her own level of competence. That is why people often think they are ______ competent than they really are.

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The psychologists David Dunning and Justin Kruger proposed the Dunning-Kruger effect, which suggests that a person who is incompetent in a field will naturally be a poor judge of his or her own level of competence. That is why people often think they are more competent than they really are.

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