Final answer:
Permanent charge refers to a fixed charge on objects, while variable charge refers to a charge that can move freely. Permanent charge originates from excess or deficit of electrons and remains fixed, while variable charge originates from the movement of electrons and can move freely within or between objects.
Step-by-step explanation:
Permanent charge refers to a charge that remains fixed on an object and does not move. It originates from the presence of excess or deficit of electrons on the object. Objects with a permanent charge are called charged objects. Examples include a charged comb or a charged balloon. Permanent charge can be positive (+) or negative (-) depending on whether there is an excess or deficit of electrons.
Variable charge, on the other hand, refers to a charge that can move freely within or between objects. It originates from the movement of electrons from one object to another. Examples of variable charge include electricity flowing through a wire or the movement of electrons in an electrolyte. Variable charge can also be positive or negative depending on the movement of electrons.
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