Answer:
All of the statements (a, b, and d) are true of the properties of water. Here's an explanation of each statement:
a. Water can dissolve materials by breaking apart ionic bonds as polar water molecules attract individual ions away from each other.
- This is true. Water is a polar molecule, and its partial positive and partial negative charges can interact with and separate ions in ionic compounds, allowing them to dissolve in water.
b. Hydrogen bonds form between water molecules and are responsible for the high surface tension of water.
- This is true. Hydrogen bonds are formed between the positively charged hydrogen atoms of one water molecule and the negatively charged oxygen atoms of neighboring water molecules. These hydrogen bonds contribute to the high surface tension of water.
d. A water molecule is polar, and opposite ends of individual water molecules are attracted to anions and cations.
- This is also true. Water molecules are polar because of the unequal sharing of electrons between hydrogen and oxygen atoms, resulting in partial positive and negative charges on the molecule. This polarity allows water molecules to be attracted to ions (anions and cations) due to electrostatic forces.