Final answer:
The process known as translation converts an mRNA sequence to a chain of amino acids, which form a protein. Codons, triplets of nucleotides in the mRNA, are matched to amino acids according to the genetic code. The mRNA sequence provided translates to a polypeptide chain starting with Methionine (Met) and continuing with additional amino acids until a stop codon is encountered.
Step-by-step explanation:
Translation is the process by which a mRNA sequence is converted into an amino acid sequence and thus a polypeptide chain or protein.
In this process, each set of three nucleotides in the mRNA molecule, known as a codon, corresponds to one amino acid.
Using the provided examples, we can see how the translation process works.
For instance, the mRNA sequence 5' GCA AUG CGU AAC GGC UAA AUG GCC UGA UGG CUA GCU A 3' contains several codons.
The first methionine codon (AUG) typically serves as the start codon, and translation proceeds from this point.
The sequence UAA, UGA, and UAG serve as stop codons, signaling the end of translation.
Between the start and stop codons, each triplet of bases corresponds to a specific amino acid, according to the genetic code.
As an example, AUG codes for Methionine (Met), CGU codes for Arginine (Arg), AAC codes for Asparagine (Asn), GGC codes for Glycine (Gly), and so on, based on the genetic code.
Therefore, the polypeptide chain created from the mRNA sequence is Met-Arg-Asn-Gly until the stop codon is reached.