Final answer:
The shape of the active site changes to fit all substrates in the induced fit model of enzyme action.
Step-by-step explanation:
The shape of the active site changes to fit all substrates. This is known as the induced fit model of enzyme action. In the induced fit model, the active site can make minor adjustments to accommodate different substrates, allowing the enzyme to interact with a small group of similar substrates. This flexibility of the active site enables enzymes to catalyze specific chemical reactions with different substrates.
This specificity is a result of the unique combination of amino acid residues at the active site, which provides the chemical environment needed for the substrate to bind. The induced fit mechanism allows for slight flexibility, enabling the enzyme to function with a small group of similar substrates by adjusting slightly to find the best fit with the transition state of the reaction.