Final answer:
To calculate the number of moles of each reactant, divide the given mass of each reactant by its molar mass. Compare the mole ratio of the reactants to the ratio in the balanced chemical equation to identify the limiting reactant. To determine the theoretical amount of product, multiply the mole ratio of the limiting reactant to the product by the number of moles of the limiting reactant.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the number of moles of each reactant, you need to determine their molar masses. For titanium tetrachloride, the molar mass is 189.679 g/mol, and for magnesium, it is 24.305 g/mol. Using the given mass of each reactant, you can then calculate the number of moles by dividing the mass by the molar mass.
To identify the limiting reactant, you compare the mole ratio of the reactants to the ratio in the balanced chemical equation. Whichever reactant has a lower mole ratio is the limiting reactant. Finally, to determine the theoretical amount of CaCO₃ that should be produced, you use the mole ratio of the limiting reactant to CaCO₃ and multiply it by the number of moles of the limiting reactant.