Final answer:
A person's solvency is best assessed by looking at their balance sheet, as it shows assets, liabilities, and net worth, which are key indicators of financial health.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine a person's solvency, the financial document that should be consulted is the balance sheet. A balance sheet is an essential accounting tool that provides a snapshot of what an individual or entity owns (assets) and owes (liabilities), as well as their net worth (assets minus liabilities). When an institution like a bank considers lending money, it looks at the balance sheet to assess the financial health and solvency of the borrower. Credit checks are also conducted to review past borrowing and repayment behaviors. Furthermore, requiring a cosigner or collateral can be ways for a bank to mitigate the risk associated with a loan.