Please fill in the blank.
Prior to the widespread use of black slaves, Virginian planters used _____, who sold years of their working lives in exchange for passage to the colony. As the seventeenth century progressed, African slaves replaced these workers. The separation of the races into separate castes was enforced by _____, laws which restricted the right of Africans to testify in court, hold property, participate in politics, travel, or even legally marry.