Final answer:
The age variable affects the heart rate the most according to the proposed regression model.
Step-by-step explanation:
The proposed regression model for predicting a patient's heart rate during a treadmill test is:
Heart Rate = -10 - 3 x Treadmill Speed + 5 x Body Weight - 7 x Age
To determine which factor affects the heart rate the most, we need to analyze the coefficients. The coefficient in front of the treadmill speed is -3, the coefficient in front of age is -7, and the coefficient in front of body weight is 5.
Since the coefficient with the largest absolute value will cause the most change in the heart rate, we can conclude that age affects the heart rate the most based on the proposed regression model.