Answer:
Plate tectonics is the theory that explains how the Earth's surface is made up of large plates that are constantly moving. These plates are made up of the Earth's crust and upper mantle, and they move over the Earth's mantle, which is a hot, molten layer.
There are seven major tectonic plates and many smaller plates. The plates move at different rates, from a few centimeters to a few centimeters per year. The movement of the plates is caused by convection currents in the Earth's mantle.
The movement of the tectonic plates has also had a significant impact on the Earth's climate. The movement of the continents can change the patterns of ocean currents and winds, which can affect the distribution of heat and moisture around the globe.
The theory of plate tectonics is a relatively new theory, but it has revolutionized our understanding of the Earth's geology and geography. It has helped us to understand the formation of mountains, volcanoes, and earthquakes, and it has also helped us to understand the evolution of the Earth's climate.