Final answer:
Cells require energy for several key processes: growth and repair, transportation of molecules, and reproduction. Hence, the answer is c) all of the above.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cells, the basic units of life, require energy to carry out a multitude of essential processes. Among these processes are a) growth and repair, where energy enables cells to increase in size, duplicate their components, and repair any damage; b) transportation of molecules, where energy is necessary for the movement of substances across the cell membrane; and d) reproduction, where energy aids the cell in duplicating its entire content and divide into two. Therefore, the answer to the question is c) all of the above, as all the listed processes are crucial functions of cells that necessitate energy.
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