Final answer:
The three laws of motion by Sir Isaac Newton: inertia, acceleration, and action-reaction.
Step-by-step explanation:
The law of inertia, or Newton's first law, is illustrated in the situation where an object at rest remains at rest unless acted upon by a net external force. For example, a book sitting on a table will not move unless something pushes or pulls it. This is because the book has inertia and will maintain its state of rest without any external force.
The law of acceleration, or Newton's second law, is illustrated when an object experiences a force, it will accelerate in the direction of that force. For instance, a car accelerating in the forward direction when the driver presses on the gas pedal. The force applied by the driver causes the car to move faster.
The law of action-reaction, or Newton's third law, is illustrated when two objects interact with each other and exert equal and opposite forces on each other. For example, if you push against a wall, the wall pushes back with the same amount of force. These forces are referred to as action and reaction pairs.
Learn more about Newton's Laws of Motion