Final answer:
The best answer is that people give up personal freedom to a government in order to achieve collective security and order in society, echoing the views of philosophers like Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau on the social contract and the balance between personal freedoms and government protection.
Step-by-step explanation:
Among the options provided, the one that best summarizes why human beings might give up personal freedom to a government is to achieve collective security and order in society. This aligns with the political philosophy of Thomas Hobbes, who argued that in a state of nature, life would be 'solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short,' due to constant conflict over limited resources necessary for survival. To escape this chaos, people enter into a social contract, giving up some of their freedom in exchange for the safety and public order that a sovereign ruler, or government, can provide.
John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau also contributed to this discourse, highlighting that individuals trade some liberties for basic services and protections, insisting on a balance that allows them ultimate control over their government, as exemplified in the Bill of Rights. Similarly, James Madison remarked, 'If men were angels, governments would not be necessary,' acknowledging the role of government in managing the imperfect nature of humans and maintaining civil society.