The answer discusses several Psychology Concepts, including Free Association used by Sigmund Freud, symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Vicarious Reinforcement in learning, Pavlov's Conditioned Response Theory, Hindsight Bias in Cognitive Psychology, Gustatory receptors in the taste process, the concept of Difference Threshold in sensory perception, and the field of Social Psychology.
1) The correct answer is option C : Free Association. During a therapy session, Sigmund Freud would most likely use the technique of Free Association. Free Association is a method used in psychoanalysis where the patient speaks freely about their thoughts, feelings, and memories without censorship or judgment. This technique helps uncover unconscious conflicts and desires, allowing the therapist to gain insight into the patient's psyche.
2) The correct answer is option D : Post-Traumatic Disorder. Juan's symptoms of avoidance, irritability, nightmares, and flashbacks indicate that he is probably suffering from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder following his car accident.
3) The correct answer is option B : Vicarious Reinforcement.I n desiring to get a job due to her sister's excitement towards her paycheck, Tabitha has experienced learning via Vicarious Reinforcement.
4) The correct answer is option C : Conditioned Response. Sarah's disgusted facial expression regarding parmesan cheese represents a Conditioned Response, related to her previous sickening experience with it.
5) The correct answer is option B : Hindsight Bias. Maria's reaction to her basketball team's large defeat, despite her initial confidence, indicates a cognitive tendency known as Hindsight Bias.
6) The correct answer is option C : Gustatory Receptors; Papillae. When trying new foods, your Gustatory Receptors, located in the Papillae, transduce molecules in the food into electrochemical signals.
7) The correct answer is option D : Difference Threshold. Your friend noticeably experiencing the lightness of the jelly beans bag suggests a Difference Threshold.
8) The correct answer is option B : Social Psychologists. A Social Psychologist would likely be researching how individuals behave violently within an angry mob.