Answer:
B. Leaching.
Step-by-step explanation:
Leaching is the movement of nutrients from the root zone to the soil below, where they may be lost or become unavailable for plant uptake. Leaching can occur when soil water drainage is high, such as in sandy soils, or when excess irrigation or rainfall dissolves and transports nutrients lik nitrates or phosphates. Leaching can reduce soil fertility and water quality, as nutrients may contaminate groundwater or surface water.