Question

Cells of the immune system 5 Classify each of the following traits depending on the type of cell found in the immune system. Some answers may be used more than once a Nonspecific b Produce antibodies to target specific antigens in the fluids of the body c Destroy cells of the body that have been infected by pathogens

d Destroy pathogens by phagocytosis
e Target cells that have been rected by a specific pathogen 1 Macrophages, Dendritic cells, and Neutrophils 2 Natural Killer Cells 3 B Lymphocytes 4 T Lymphocytes

Answer 1

The immune system consists of different types of cells with specific functions. T cells play a key role in cell-mediated immune response, while B cells produce antibodies. Natural Killer cells are non-specific immune cells that attack various types of pathogens and tumors.

Step-by-step explanation:

T cells are a key component in the cell-mediated immune response, which utilizes T cells to neutralize cells infected with viruses and certain bacteria. Cytotoxic T cells destroy virus-infected cells, while helper T cells activate both the antibody and cell-mediated immune responses. Suppressor T cells deactivate T cells and B cells when needed, preventing an excessive immune response.

B cells produce antibodies, which bind specifically to antigens on pathogens. They mature in red bone marrow and differentiate into plasma cells that secrete antibodies to target antigens. Natural Killer cells are non-specific immune cells that attack a variety of infectious microbes and certain tumor cells.

Answer 2

Macrophages, Dendritic cells, and Neutrophils are nonspecific and perform phagocytosis; Natural Killer Cells destroy infected body cells nonspecifically; B Lymphocytes produce specific antibodies; T Lymphocytes include cytotoxic, helper, and suppressor types that participate in adaptive immunity.

Step-by-step explanation:

Cells of the immune system have different functions in the body's defense against pathogens. Here's how each of the listed cells can be classified based on their traits:

1. Macrophages, Dendritic cells, and Neutrophils: These cells are classified as nonspecific because they do not target specific pathogens but rather respond to a wide variety of invaders. They also destroy pathogens by phagocytosis, which is a process where they ingest harmful microorganisms.
2. Natural Killer Cells: These cells destroy cells of the body that have been infected by pathogens and are part of the innate immune system. While they have similar functions to cytotoxic T cells, they do not require antigen presentation to act and are thus considered nonspecific.
3. B Lymphocytes: These are the cells that produce antibodies to target specific antigens in the fluids of the body. Once activated, B cells differentiate into plasma cells, which secrete antibodies into the bloodstream.
4. T Lymphocytes: These cells are part of the adaptive immune system and can be further divided into cytotoxic T cells, helper T cells, and suppressor T cells. Cytotoxic T cells destroy cells of the body that have been infected by pathogens, whereas helper T cells activate both the antibody and the cell-mediated immune responses. Suppressor T cells regulate the immune response by deactivating other T cells and B cells when necessary.