Final answer:
Personal Liberty Laws, the legalization of marijuana by some states, and sanctuary cities all represent the concept of states' rights. They showcase how states can exercise their certain rights to challenge federal authority in cases they deem it to be unjust, as per the 10th Amendment.
Step-by-step explanation:
The commonality among Personal Liberty Laws, legalization of marijuana by states, and sanctuary cities lies in the principle of states' rights and its interpretation in relation to the 10th Amendment Line. These issues reflect the ongoing debate over the balance of power between state governments and the federal authority in the United States. The 10th Amendment reserves those powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, for the states or the people.
For instance, the Personal Liberty Laws were enacted by Northern states in the mid-1800s to counter federal Fugitive Slave Acts. These laws exhibited a pushback against federal laws deemed unjust by individual states. Similarly, the legalizing of marijuana by certain states defies federal law which still categorizes it as a controlled substance. Moreover, sanctuary cities, which limit their cooperation with federal immigration enforcement, serve as another example of states' rights being exercised to challenge federal authority.
Learn more about 10th Amendment Line