Final Answer:
The methods the body uses to provide a person with energy throughout a race include:
A) For the first 3 seconds, the muscle cells use the ATP they have within them.
B) For the next 8-10 seconds, the muscles use creatine phosphate stores to provide ATP.
C) For the next 90 seconds, the body uses anaerobic respiration to provide ATP.
Step-by-step explanation:
During the initial phase of a race, the muscle cells rely on the ATP stored within them for immediate energy. This source is quickly depleted within the first 3 seconds. Subsequently, creatine phosphate comes into play, providing an additional burst of ATP for the next 8-10 seconds. Creatine phosphate is a rapid but short-lived source of energy that helps bridge the gap before other energy systems take over.
Following this, anaerobic respiration becomes the dominant energy-producing process for the next 90 seconds. This involves the breakdown of glucose without the use of oxygen, leading to the production of ATP. While anaerobic respiration is less efficient than aerobic respiration, it provides a quick energy supply.
However, due to the limited capacity of anaerobic pathways, the body transitions to aerobic respiration for sustained energy production throughout the remainder of the race. Aerobic respiration, occurring in the presence of oxygen, is more efficient in generating ATP from glucose and fatty acids, providing the necessary endurance for prolonged physical activity.
In summary, the body strategically utilizes different energy systems during a race, sequentially relying on immediate ATP stores, creatine phosphate, anaerobic respiration, and finally, aerobic respiration to meet the energy demands of varying race durations.