Final answer:
The hydronium ion concentration ([H+]) of a beer with a pH of 4.5 is 10−4.5 M, and the hydroxide ion concentration ([OH−]) is 10−9.5 M, calculated using the relationship pH + pOH = 14.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine the concentrations of hydronium ions ([H+]) and hydroxide ions ([OH−]) for a beer with a pH of 4.5, we use the pH and pOH relationship. The formula pH + pOH = 14 allows us to find the pOH, which is 14 - 4.5 = 9.5. Knowing the pOH, we can calculate [OH−] by finding the antilog (inverse log) of −pOH, which is 10−9.5 M.
To find the [H+] concentration, we use the formula pH = -log[H+]. Since the pH is 4.5, the antilog of −4.5 gives us the [H+], which is 10−4.5 M. Consequently, the beer has [H+] = 10−4.5 M and [OH−] = 10−9.5 M.