Answer:
A direct effect of the Crusades on European exploration was the increased demand for goods from the East, particularly spices and luxury goods. During the Crusades, European soldiers and merchants came into contact with the prosperous cities of the Byzantine Empire and the Islamic world, which had well-established trade routes with Asia. They were exposed to the exotic goods and wealth of these regions, sparking a desire to access these trade routes directly.
This desire for direct access to the East and its valuable trade led to the development of new maritime technologies and navigational techniques. European explorers sought alternative sea routes to bypass the Ottoman Empire, which controlled the traditional overland routes to the East. This quest for new routes eventually led to significant explorations, such as Christopher Columbus' voyages to the Americas, Vasco da Gama's journey to India, and Ferdinand Magellan's circumnavigation of the globe.
Therefore, the direct effect of the Crusades on European exploration was the stimulation of trade, the desire for direct access to the East, and the subsequent development of maritime exploration to find alternative trade routes.
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