Answer:
The key characteristics of civilizations are essential components that distinguish a civilization from other, less-advanced societies. Each characteristic is important in its own way and contributes to the social and economic progress of a civilization.
1. Agriculture:
Agriculture is essential for a civilization to produce the food needed to sustain its population. This is especially true in civilizations that lack access to other food sources, such as hunting and gathering.
2. Social Structure:
A complex social structure is needed for a civilization to maintain order and allocate resources. This structure includes a government, laws, and a class system.
3. Trade:
Trade is important for a civilization to access resources and goods not found within its own borders. Trade also helps to spread ideas and technologies, which can further the progress of a civilization.
4. Writing:
Writing is needed for a civilization to communicate, store information, and pass down knowledge to future generations.
5. Religion:
Religion helps to provide a sense of identity and meaning for a civilization, as well as a moral code for its citizens to live by.
6. Arts and Architecture:
Arts and architecture provide a civilization with a sense of identity, and can also be used to show the power and grandeur of the civilization.