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4. (a) In California, two women were found dead in separate killings. Police were finally able to solve the murders using DNA evidence which revealed that both homicides were committed by the same man. This case proves that DNA is an important genetic material used in murder investigations. Compare the structure of DNA and other types of nucleic acids. [5 marks]



User Evania
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Answer:

Acids are a group of chemical compounds that have certain properties and characteristics. Here are some key points about acids:

1. Definition: Acids are substances that release hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water. They are known for their sour taste and ability to turn blue litmus paper red.

2. pH Scale: Acidity is measured on the pH scale, which ranges from 0 to 14. Acids have a pH value less than 7, with lower values indicating stronger acidity. The lower the pH, the higher the concentration of hydrogen ions.

3. Properties: Acids have several common properties. They react with metals to produce hydrogen gas, react with bases to form salts and water (neutralization), and can corrode certain materials. They also conduct electricity when dissolved in water.

4. Types of Acids: There are two main types of acids: inorganic acids and organic acids. Inorganic acids, such as hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4), do not contain carbon. Organic acids, such as acetic acid (CH3COOH) and citric acid (C6H8O7), contain carbon atoms.

5. Common Uses: Acids have various applications in everyday life and industry. For example, sulfuric acid is used in car batteries, hydrochloric acid is used in cleaning products, and acetic acid is used in food preservation and as a flavoring agent.

These are just a few key points about acids. There is much more to learn about their properties, reactions, and applications.

Step-by-step explanation:

User Armitus
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