Answer:
Part (a):
If there is a net nonzero force on a moving object, the total work done on the object cannot be zero. This is because work is the product of force and displacement, and if there is a nonzero force acting on an object over a nonzero distance, work will be done on the object.
For example, if you push a box across the floor, a force is applied, and the box moves a certain distance due to that force. Work is done in this case, as the force causes a displacement.
Part (b):
To calculate the work done by the force applied by the bat on the ball, we can use the work-energy principle, which states that the work done on an object is equal to its change in kinetic energy:
Work = Change in Kinetic Energy
The change in kinetic energy is given by:
Change in Kinetic Energy = 0.5 × Mass × (Final Velocity^2 - Initial Velocity^2)
Substitute the given values:
Change in Kinetic Energy = 0.5 × 0.145 kg × (30 m/s)^2
Calculate the value of the change in kinetic energy.
Part (c):
To calculate the impulse applied to the ball, we can use the impulse-momentum principle, which states that the impulse applied to an object is equal to its change in momentum:
Impulse = Change in Momentum
Change in Momentum = Mass × Final Velocity - Mass × Initial Velocity
Substitute the given values:
Change in Momentum = 0.145 kg × 30 m/s - 0.145 kg × 0 m/s
Calculate the value of the change in momentum.
Part (d):
We are asked to find the total work done on the baseball by the force exerted by the bat and also the average force the ball was hit with during the 2 ms of contact.
First, calculate the total work done using the formula from Part (b):
Total Work = Change in Kinetic Energy
Then, calculate the average force using the formula:
Average Force = Impulse / Time
Given the time of contact (2 ms), convert it to seconds (0.002 seconds), and then substitute the values:
Average Force = Change in Momentum / Time
Calculate the value of the average force.
Step-by-step explanation: