The prevalent philosophy during the Gilded Age, often associated with government non-intervention in business and politics, was "Laissez-faire". This French term translates to "let (people) do (as they choose)" and reflects the idea of limited government interference in economic affairs, allowing businesses to operate with minimal regulation and allowing market forces to guide the economy. This philosophy was often criticized for leading to inequalities and abuses in both business practices and politics during that era.
I hope this helped!
~~~Harsha~~~