Answer:
Explanation: i. α - Decay (Alpha Decay):
Symbol for the emitted particle: α
Description: In alpha decay, an atomic nucleus emits an alpha particle, which consists of two protons and two neutrons. This results in the original nucleus losing two protons and two neutrons, causing a decrease in both atomic number and atomic mass.
ii. β - Decay (Beta Decay):
Symbols for the emitted particles: β- (beta-minus) and β+ (beta-plus)
Description: In beta decay, there are two types: beta-minus (β-) decay and beta-plus (β+) decay.
In beta-minus decay, a neutron in the nucleus transforms into a proton, an electron (also known as a beta-minus particle), and an antineutrino.
In beta-plus decay, a proton in the nucleus transforms into a neutron, a positron (also known as a beta-plus particle), and a neutrino.
iii. γ - Decay (Gamma Decay):
Symbol for the emitted particle: γ (gamma)
Description: Gamma decay involves the emission of a gamma-ray photon. Unlike alpha and beta decay, gamma decay does not involve the emission of particles with mass. Instead, it releases high-energy photons (gamma rays) as the nucleus transitions to a lower energy state. Gamma rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation.
These different types of radioactive decay play a crucial role in the natural processes of nuclear stability and transformation.