Answer:
Cheating in sports refers to using unfair or dishonest means to gain an advantage over opponents. It undermines the principles of fair play, integrity, and respect fundamental to sportsmanship.
Here are four different cheating behaviors that athlete coaches and officials can exhibit:
1. Doping: Using banned substances or methods to enhance performance. Athletes may take performance-enhancing drugs like steroids or use blood doping techniques to increase their oxygen-carrying capacity. Examples include the infamous cases of Lance Armstrong in cycling and Marion Jones in track and field.
2. Match-fixing: When athletes, coaches, or officials manipulate the outcome of a game for personal gain. It can involve intentionally losing a match, manipulating scores, or influencing the performance of other players. A well-known example is the scandal involving the Italian football team Juventus in 2006, where several officials and players were involved in match-fixing.
3. Illegal equipment: Athletes or coaches may use equipment that does not conform to the rules to gain an unfair advantage. For example, they are using a tennis racket with extra strings or altering the weight of a baseball bat beyond the allowed limits. These actions are considered cheating as they give an unfair advantage over opponents.
4. Rule violations: Breaking the sport's rules to gain an advantage, for example, intentionally fouling opponents in basketball or soccer, using illegal techniques in martial arts, or deliberately committing penalties to gain an advantage in rugby. These actions can disrupt the game's flow and unfairly influence the outcome.
Step-by-step explanation: