Final answer:
The total effective quantity of sodium chloride related to tonicity in 1000 mL of "2.5 % dextrose in 0.45 % sodium chloride" intravenous fluid, considering the E-value of 0.16 for dextrose, is 8.5 g.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the effective quantity in grams of sodium chloride related to tonicity in 1000 mL of an intravenous fluid labeled "2.5 % dextrose in 0.45 % sodium chloride", we first find the mass of sodium chloride present without considering the dextrose. Since the solution contains 0.45% sodium chloride by mass, it means that in 1000 mL, there are 1000 mL × 0.45/100 = 4.5 g of NaCl.
The E-value of dextrose of 0.16 means that 1 g of dextrose affects tonicity equivalent to 0.16 g of NaCl. The solution also contains 2.5% dextrose, which is 1000 mL × 2.5/100 = 25 g of dextrose. Thus, the dextrose contributes an additional tonicity equivalent to 25 g × 0.16 = 4 g of NaCl.
The total effective quantity of sodium chloride related to tonicity is the sum of the actual sodium chloride and the sodium chloride equivalent of the dextrose. Therefore, the total effective quantity is 4.5 g (from NaCl) + 4 g (from dextrose's E-value) = 8.5 g of NaCl.