Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
- The highlighted text describes a scenario where 550 grams of water at a temperature of 32°C is poured into a 210-gram aluminum can that has an initial temperature of 15°C.
- The objective of the scenario is to determine the final temperature of the system, assuming that no heat is exchanged with the surroundings.
- The system in this scenario refers to the water and the aluminum can, which are the two components that are being considered.
- The final temperature of the system refers to the temperature that the water and the aluminum can will reach once they have come to thermal equilibrium with each other.
- Thermal equilibrium is a state where the temperature of two objects that are in contact with each other becomes equal.
- The assumption that no heat is exchanged with the surroundings means that the system is considered to be isolated, and there is no heat transfer between the system and its surroundings.
- This assumption is often made in thermodynamics problems to simplify the calculations and focus on the behavior of the system itself.
- To determine the final temperature of the system, we need to use the principle of conservation of energy, which states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or converted from one form to another.
- In this scenario, the energy that is transferred is in the form of heat, which flows from the water to the aluminum can until they reach thermal equilibrium.
- The final temperature of the system can be calculated using the specific heat capacities of water and aluminum, which describe how much heat energy is required to raise the temperature of a given mass of the substance by one degree Celsius.
- The specific heat capacity of water is higher than that of aluminum, which means that water requires more heat energy to raise its temperature by one degree Celsius compared to aluminum.
- Therefore, when the water and the aluminum can are in contact with each other, heat energy will flow from the water to the aluminum can until they reach thermal equilibrium, and the final temperature of the system will be somewhere between 15°C and 32°C, depending on the specific heat capacities of the two substances.