The design need that is shared by Jewish synagogues, Christian churches, and Islamic mosques is:
A niche pointing towards a sacred city, OPTION B
In Islamic mosques, the niche is called the "mihrab," and it indicates the direction of Mecca, the sacred city for Muslims, for the purpose of facing during prayers.
In Christian churches, the design element of the "apse" serves a similar function, indicating the direction of the altar, which is the focal point of the Christian worship space.
In Jewish synagogues, the niche or alcove that serves a comparable purpose is known as the "ark," which contains the Torah scrolls and often faces Jerusalem, the sacred city for Jews, during prayer.
So, the common design need shared by these religious places of worship is the presence of a niche or equivalent element that points towards a sacred city or direction.