Question

During the nineteenth century newspapers were controlled by ________

Answer 1

Newspapers in the nineteenth century were controlled by political parties, powerful syndicates, and influential figures like Hearst and Pulitzer, who had considerable impact on framing public opinion and events. Muckraking journalism emerged to expose societal issues, alongside a growth towards professionalism in reporting.

Step-by-step explanation:

During the nineteenth century, newspapers were largely controlled by political parties and powerful newspaper syndicates, including figures like William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer, who used their publications to socially construct national and world events. Many newspapers were subsidized directly by political parties such as the Republican and Democratic Parties, and the content was often influenced by the need to align with or promote specific political ideologies.

The period saw the advent of the telegraph, which revolutionized information distribution. Local newspapers frequently reprinted articles from nationally leading syndicates, and these were circulated through the wire. However, the growth in literacy and the number of journalists led to a burgeoning of viewpoints, including muckraking journalism that aimed to expose corruption and scandals.

As the century turned, the media landscape began to change with a shift towards professional, unbiased journalism, although media empires continued to exercise significant influence over public opinion and politics. The competitive nature of the newspaper industry during this era helped shape the development of journalism and the spread of ideas, contributing to broader public discourse on political and social issues.

Answer 2

During the nineteenth century, newspapers were generally controlled by wealthy individuals or companies who owned the printing presses and other equipment needed to produce and distribute newspapers.

Step-by-step explanation:

During the nineteenth century, newspapers were generally controlled by wealthy individuals or companies who owned the printing presses and other equipment needed to produce and distribute newspapers. These owners were often politically connected and used their newspapers to promote their own interests and agendas.

In some cases, newspapers were owned by political parties or politicians themselves, who used the press to promote their own views and attack their opponents. This was particularly common in countries with limited freedom of the press or where the media was tightly controlled by the government.

It's worth noting that during this time period, newspapers were a primary source of news and information for many people, and their influence on public opinion and political discourse was significant. As a result, the owners of newspapers had a great deal of power and influence over the public and political landscape of their time.