Question

14.

(03.04 MC)
Compare the emergence of advanced civilizations in Meso and South America with the four early river valley civilizations.

Identify the cultures that used longhouses and ziggurats. (4 points)


Incas, Egyptians

Aztecs, Indus Valley

Native Americans, Mesopotamians

Arctic Native Americans, Israelites

Answer 1

The emergence of advanced civilizations in Meso and South America can be compared with the four early river valley civilizations (Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Indus Valley, and China) in various aspects such as agriculture, architecture, writing systems, trade, and governance. Both Meso and South America had complex societies, monumental architecture, and sophisticated agricultural practices.

Regarding the cultures that used longhouses and ziggurats:

Longhouses were used by the Native Americans, particularly by the tribes of the Eastern Woodlands, such as the Iroquois, Huron, and Algonquian peoples. These longhouses were large, communal dwellings made from wood and bark, and they were used for shelter and communal living.

Ziggurats were used by the Mesopotamians, particularly the Sumerians, and later civilizations in the region, such as the Babylonians and Assyrians. Ziggurats were step-like structures made from mud bricks, and they served as religious temples and centers of worship.

So, the correct answer is:

Native Americans, Mesopotamians

Answer 2

C. Native Americans, Mesopotamians

Step-by-step explanation:

• Choice C is the best answer. The Iroquois built longhouses that were meant to accommodate communal dwellings. They can typically house multiple families and livestock, maximizing efficiency. Mesopotamians built ziggurats which were utilized as temples for worship. Ziggurats were tall, multi-story towers with stairs accessible on many sides.
• Choice A is incorrect. Both the Incas and Egyptians built pyramids. Incan pyramids were used for the worship of deities as well as burials for kings. Egyptian pyramids were primarily utilized for tombing of high officials in the religious process toward the afterlife.
• Choice B is incorrect. Similar to the Incas, the Aztecs built pyramids. There are Aztecan pyramids in Teotihuacán, Mexico that were significant to the worship of Gods. The Indus River Valley had settlements that were laid out in stone buildings and was spread out, similar to a post-modern town. The town had its own sewage system.
• Choice D is incorrect. The Inuit lived in igloos primarily during colder seasons to stay warmer. During warmer seasons, some tribes built tents or homes out of stone. Although the Israelite temples were also utilized for worship, they were built centrally with a court and altar. They were not built as high as ziggurats, but rather flat on the ground with walls secluding them.

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