The patellar and Achilles reflexes play essential roles in our ability to walk and maintain proper posture. These reflexes are automatic responses that occur when certain areas of our body are stimulated.
The patellar reflex is expressed when a doctor taps the patellar tendon just below the kneecap. This tap stretches the quadriceps muscle in the front of the thigh. In response to this sudden stretch, sensory neurons in the muscle send signals to the spinal cord. The spinal cord then processes these signals and quickly sends motor signals back to the quadriceps, causing it to contract. This rapid contraction of the quadriceps leads to the extension of the lower leg at the knee joint.
During walking, the patellar reflex helps to stabilize our legs and maintain balance. As we take steps, the reflex aids in keeping our knee joints stable and prevents them from buckling. This stability is crucial for the smooth execution of the walking cycle and prevents us from falling.
Similarly, the Achilles reflex is activated when the Achilles tendon at the back of the ankle is tapped. This stretch triggers sensory neurons that convey information to the spinal cord. In response, the spinal cord sends motor signals to the calf muscles, causing them to contract. This contraction results in the extension of the foot at the ankle joint.
During walking, the Achilles reflex plays a role in controlling the movement of our feet. It helps to maintain proper foot positioning and stability as we push off the ground during each step. This reflex contributes to the efficiency and coordination of the walking process.