Step-by-step explanation:
(a) Inhibition Hypothesis:
According to the Inhibition Hypothesis, Yelena's cognitive struggles may be attributed to the increased interference of irrelevant information or distractions that impede her cognitive processes. As she gets older, her brain might experience challenges in filtering out irrelevant information, making it harder for her to focus on important tasks and maintain attention. For example, during her demanding job, Yelena may find it difficult to concentrate on critical work assignments due to the constant influx of unrelated emails, phone calls, or other distractions in the office environment.
(b) Tim Salthouse's Perspective:
Tim Salthouse, a cognitive psychologist, might explain Yelena's struggles based on the concept of age-related cognitive decline. According to Salthouse's research, certain cognitive abilities tend to decline gradually as people age, including working memory, processing speed, and cognitive flexibility. As a 60-year-old, Yelena may experience challenges in keeping up with the demands of her job, such as processing information quickly, multitasking, and organizing her thoughts efficiently. For instance, she may need to write things down more frequently to compensate for her reduced working memory and ensure she doesn't forget important details or tasks.
Both the Inhibition Hypothesis and Tim Salthouse's perspective emphasize the potential cognitive challenges that individuals may face as they age. These factors can impact their ability to perform tasks that require significant cognitive resources, like demanding jobs and multitasking.