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Napoleon Bonaparte was a French military and political leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and became the Emperor of the French. He declared himself Emperor Napoleon I on December 2, 1804, after previously holding the title of First Consul of the French Republic.
As Emperor, Napoleon centralized power and implemented significant reforms in France. He expanded French territories through military conquests, creating the vast French Empire. However, his military campaigns eventually led to his downfall, and he was exiled to the island of Elba in 1814. He briefly returned to power during the Hundred Days in 1815 but was defeated at the Battle of Waterloo and exiled again, this time to the remote island of Saint Helena, where he died in 1821. Despite his eventual defeat, Napoleon's influence on European history and his lasting impact on French society and governance are significant.