Multiple choice
1. In the absence of testosterone, all human embryos develop:
Reproductive structures characteristic of a female.
Reproductive structures characteristic of a sterile male.
No reproductive structures, either male or female.
A combination of male typical and female typical reproductive organs.
Reproductive organs that are classified as neither male nor female.
2. The paramesonephric ducts:
Regress when a testis is present.
Regress in response to high concentrations of testosterone.
Regress in response to Mullerian inhibiting substance.
Are described by A and B, but not C.
Are described by A and C, but not B.
3. If a mother-to-be was exposed to a teratogen during weeks 12 – 14 of pregnancy, what might you predict the outcome to be for the infant?
Since this represents the fetal period of development, there is a chance of congenital anomaly, but it is slight.
Since this is the fetal period of rapid organogenesis, there is high probability that a congenital
anomaly will occur.
Since this is the end of the embryonic period of development, there is no chance for a congenital
anomaly.
Since this is the most critical period of development, there is an excellent chance that several
congenital anomalies will occur.
Since organogenesis has been completed for all systems by this time, there is no chance that
congenital anomalies will occur.
4. Which of the systems or structures are susceptible to the deleterious effects of teratogens for the longest developmental time?
Gastrointestinal
Limbs
Cardiovascular
Urinary
Nervous
5. Factors affecting the action of a teratogenic agent include which of the following?
Duration of exposure
Genotype of embryo/fetus
Dose of offending agent
Developmental time of exposure
These responses are all true or all false.