Answer:
To determine the transformations applied to the parent cosine function (f(z) = cos(z)), we examine the equation for function d(z) = cos(2r - 1) + 5.
1. **Horizontal Shift:**
The horizontal shift is given by (2r - 1). A positive value of r will cause a shift to the right, and a negative value of r will cause a shift to the left.
2. **Vertical Shift:**
The vertical shift is given by +5. It indicates a vertical translation of 5 units upward if the constant is positive, or 5 units downward if the constant is negative.
3. **Frequency:**
The frequency remains the same, which is 1 for the cosine function.
Explanation: