Answer:
A. Inside the kettle, the water is being heated by the stove. As the heat energy is transferred to the water molecules, they gain kinetic energy, causing them to move faster. As the temperature of the water increases, the water molecules start colliding more frequently and with greater force. These collisions increase the overall energy of the water and eventually reach the boiling point.
Once the water reaches its boiling point, it undergoes a phase change from liquid to gas. The rapid movement of the water molecules causes bubbles of water vapor to form and rise to the surface of the water. These bubbles then burst, releasing the water vapor into the air above the kettle.
B. The water droplets form on the window because of condensation. When the water vapor rises from the kettle and encounters the cold surface of the window, it loses heat energy to the window, causing it to cool down. As a result, the water vapor molecules slow down and lose energy, transitioning from a gas state to a liquid state. This process is known as condensation.
Explanation:The window surface provides a cool area for the water vapor to condense and form tiny water droplets. The water droplets collect on the window because the surface of the window is cooler than the surrounding air. This phenomenon is similar to when moisture collects on a cold glass of water on a hot day.
The presence of the cold window close to the spout of the kettle provides an ideal surface for the water vapor to condense, leading to the formation of water droplets on the window.