Step-by-step explanation:
a. Ratio Decidendi
The ratio decidendi is not a common law rule of statutory interpretation. Instead, it is a legal term used in the context of case law and judicial decisions. The ratio decidendi refers to the legal principle or reasoning that forms the basis of a court's decision in a particular case. It is the binding part of a judicial decision that sets a precedent for future cases with similar facts and legal issues.
The other options (b. Literal Rule, c. Mischief Rule, and d. Golden Rule) are all common law rules of statutory interpretation used by courts to interpret and apply statutes when resolving legal disputes.