Question

a. Some state laws authorize use of closed shops. b. A union can legally strike a jobsite to enforce the provision of a subcontractor clause. c. The Teamsters union is the largest member of the AFL-CIO. d. Open-shop operations have caused construction labor unions to rethink their position vis-à-vis union contractors. e. The right-to-work clause of the Taft-Hartley law allows the individual states to determine whether union shops are legal. f. The unit-price contract is an incentive-type negotiated contract. g. The local AFL craft unions have very little authority and are directed mainly by the national headquarters of AFL-CIO. h. The Sherman Antitrust Law was originally designed to prevent the formation of large corporations or cartels that could dominate the market. i. The business agent is the representative of the union charged with enforcing the work rules of the labor agreement. j. A submittal must be verified for accuracy in accordance with contract plans and specifications. k. The Sherman Antitrust Act, enacted in 1890, was used to suppress the formation of large trusts and cartels, which dominated the market and acted to fix prices and restrain free trade. l. Yellow-dog contracts were used by employers to encourage their employees to join and become active in union organizations. m. Under the Taft-Hartley legislation, the president of the United States is empowered to enjoin workers on strike (or preparing to strike) to work for a 90-day cooling-off period during which time negotiators attempt to reach agreement on contractual or other disputes.

Answer 1

a. Closed shops are authorized by some state laws.

b. Unions can legally strike to enforce subcontractor clauses.

c. The Teamsters union is the largest AFL-CIO member.

Step-by-step explanation:

Closed shops, as mentioned in part (a), refer to a union security arrangement authorized by certain state laws. In a closed shop, employees must be members of the union to secure employment at a particular workplace. This practice gives unions more control and ensures a more unified representation of workers. State laws vary on this matter, and the authorization of closed shops reflects the intricate relationship between labor laws and union practices.

Part (b) underscores the legal leverage of unions in striking to enforce subcontractor clauses. This means that if a subcontractor is not meeting the terms specified in a contract, the union has the legal right to initiate a strike, a powerful tool in negotiations. This demonstrates the legal mechanisms in place to safeguard the interests of workers and maintain contractual agreements within the construction industry. Lastly, part (c) states a factual association, affirming that the Teamsters union holds the largest membership within the AFL-CIO.

This brief statement underscores the Teamsters' significance and prominence within the larger umbrella of the AFL-CIO, a federation of labor unions in the United States. In summary, these statements provide insights into the legal frameworks surrounding closed shops, the power dynamics in enforcing subcontractor clauses through strikes, and the notable position of the Teamsters within the AFL-CIO.

Answer 2

The Taft-Hartley Act, also known as the Labor Management Relations Act of 1947, reversed many of the pro-union provisions of the Wagner Act and had several key provisions that affected unions and their members.

Step-by-step explanation:

The Taft-Hartley Act, also known as the Labor Management Relations Act of 1947, was a piece of legislation that reversed many of the pro-union provisions of the Wagner Act. This act banned closed shops and union shops, and prohibited secondary boycotts. It also required union leaders to disclaim any affiliation with Communist organizations and limited the use of union funds in political campaigns. Additionally, it granted presidential authority to postpone strikes for up to 80 days.