Answer:
The first institution fully controlled by blacks that took part in almost every element of southern black life was:
The black church.
Step-by-step explanation:
1. The black church played a central role in the lives of African Americans in the southern United States.
2. It provided not only a place of worship but also served as a social, cultural, and political institution.
3. African Americans had full control over the black churches, including leadership positions, governance, and decision-making processes.
4. The black church was a focal point for community organizing, education, and empowerment.
5. It provided a space for religious services, social gatherings, community meetings, and discussions on important issues affecting the black community.
6. The church also served as a platform for addressing civil rights issues, promoting activism, and fostering a sense of unity and resilience.
7. In addition to spiritual guidance, the black church often provided education, economic support, and social services to its members.
8. The black church played a significant role in shaping African American culture, identity, and social progress in the face of racial discrimination and oppression.
In summary, the first institution fully controlled by blacks that played a crucial role in almost every aspect of southern black life was the black church. It served as a religious, social, cultural, and political institution, providing support, empowerment, and community organization for African Americans in the southern United States.