Answer:
Based on the operant conditioning theory, the factor that leads to changed behavior is the consequences that follow a behavior. Specifically:
- Reinforcement (positive or negative) increases the likelihood of a behavior by providing a desirable consequence.
- Punishment (positive or negative) decreases the likelihood of a behavior by providing an undesirable consequence.
- Extinction weakens a behavior by removing any reinforcing consequences completely.
So in summary, the element of operant conditioning that leads to changed behavior is the consistent application of consequences, either reinforcing/rewarding desirable behaviors or punishing unwanted behaviors. The key is that the consequence must contingently follow the behavior in order for the behavior to be shaped effectively.
Step-by-step explanation: