Answer:
Cholera, typhoid, malaria, HIV/AIDS, and tuberculosis
Step-by-step explanation:
An infectious disease is any illness or condition that can communicable from infected individuals to susceptible, uninfected persons via portal of exit, a mode of transmission, a vehicle/vector by which the disease-causing agent can spread, a portal of entry, and a reservoir in which the agent can proliferate. If the disease is unable to be spread from one host to another, the disease is not considered communicable and therefore not infectious.
Cancer does not spread from person to person so it is eliminated. Heart disease does not spread from person to person nor is it most often caused by a disease-causing pathogen so it is eliminated.
Cholera is a disease caused by V. cholerae bacteria, its disease-causing agent. Its reservoir is unsafe food and drink contaminated with human feces, which is its portal of entry and exit, respectively. Humans are the bacteria's sole host, making us the only susceptible hosts. Because the bacteria is present in our feces and can contaminate water and, in turn, other people, cholera is an infectious disease.
Typhoid is a disease caused by S. enterica Typhi bacteria, spreading via consumption of unsafe food and drink contaminated with human feces. Once again, humans are the only host. Like cholera, humans can indirectly infect other humans, making typhoid fever (typhoid) an infectious disease.
Malaria is a disease caused by a few different Plasmodium parasites introduced to humans via mosquito bites placing them into their bloodstream by way of saliva. Mosquitos can transmit the disease but also blood transfusion, organ transplant, sharing of needles, and vertical transmission during childbirth from mother to offspring can also pass the disease from human to human. Therefore, malaria is an infectious disease.
Human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) are retroviruses that infect some of the individual's bodily fluids, including semen, blood, and vaginal fluid, and is spread through coitus or the aforementioned modes talked about with malaria. Infection with HIV causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Because this is spread from person to person, HIV/AIDS is an infectious disease.
Lastly, tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis which affects the lungs and can be spread from person to person via droplets in the air expelled during speech, spitting, sneezing, and speaking. Thus, tuberculosis is an infectious disease.