Answer:
1. According to the American Heart Association (AHA), the age groups are defined as follows:
- Infants: Infants are typically defined as children under the age of 1 year.
- Children: The AHA defines children as individuals between the ages of 1 and 12 years.
- Adults: The AHA considers individuals who are 13 years and older as adults.
2. In the scenario where you witness an adult victim who has fallen while riding a scooter and is conscious, the Emergency Action Steps are as follows:
- Check: First, you should check the scene for any potential hazards or dangers. Ensure your safety and the safety of the victim before proceeding further. Then, check the victim for any injuries or signs of immediate life-threatening conditions.
- Call: If the victim is conscious and appears to be injured, you should call for emergency medical assistance, such as dialing the local emergency number (e.g., 911) or asking someone nearby to make the call.
- Care: While waiting for professional medical help to arrive, you can provide basic first aid care to the victim. In this specific case, as the victim fell on their knee, you can assist them in maintaining a comfortable position, provide reassurance, and potentially offer ice or a cold compress to help reduce swelling.
3. For an unconscious victim who is not breathing and does not have a pulse, the Emergency Action Steps are as follows:
- Check: Begin by checking the victim's responsiveness. Gently tap the victim and ask loudly, "Are you okay?" while observing for any signs of movement or responsiveness. Simultaneously, check for normal breathing by looking for chest rise and listening for breath sounds. If the victim does not respond and is not breathing or has abnormal breathing, proceed to the next steps.
- Call: Immediately call for emergency medical assistance. Dial the local emergency number (e.g., 911) or ask someone nearby to make the call. Inform the dispatcher about the situation and follow their instructions.
- Care: Begin performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) by delivering chest compressions and rescue breaths. To do this, place the heel of one hand on the center of the victim's chest, on the lower half of the breastbone. Place your other hand on top, interlocking your fingers. Perform chest compressions at a rate of about 100-120 compressions per minute, allowing the chest to fully recoil between compressions. After 30 compressions, give two rescue breaths by tilting the victim's head back, pinching their nose, and covering their mouth with yours. Each breath should be delivered over about 1 second and should make the chest rise visibly. Continue the cycle of 30 compressions and 2 breaths until professional medical help arrives or the victim shows signs of life.
Remember, it is crucial to receive proper training in CPR and first aid techniques to ensure you can respond effectively and confidently in emergency situations.
Step-by-step explanation: