The four most commonly employed perspectives of a balanced scorecard are:
Financial Perspective: This perspective focuses on financial outcomes and measures the organization's financial performance. It includes metrics such as revenue growth, profitability, return on investment (ROI), and cost reduction.
Customer Perspective: This perspective considers the organization's performance from the viewpoint of its customers. It involves measuring customer satisfaction, loyalty, retention, and other indicators that reflect customer perceptions and preferences.
Internal Process Perspective: This perspective assesses the organization's internal processes and operations. It involves identifying key processes and measuring their efficiency, quality, cycle time, and other relevant factors that contribute to delivering value to customers.
Learning and Growth Perspective: This perspective emphasizes the organization's ability to learn, innovate, and develop its employees and infrastructure for future success. It includes measures related to employee training, skill development, knowledge management, and the utilization of information technology.
These four perspectives collectively provide a balanced view of an organization's performance by considering financial outcomes, customer satisfaction, internal processes, and the ability to learn and grow.