The direction of magnetic fields around a wire carrying current is determined by the direction of the current flow. According to the right-hand rule, the direction of the magnetic field can be determined by pointing the thumb of the right hand in the direction of the current flow, and curling the fingers of the right hand in the direction of the magnetic field.
With that in mind, let us match the given situations with the resulting direction of magnetic field:
Wire is carrying current to the right. What is the direction of magnetic field behind the wire, from your point of view?
The direction of the magnetic field behind the wire, from your point of view, would be UP.
Wire is carrying current up. What is the direction of magnetic field behind the wire, from your point of view?
The direction of the magnetic field behind the wire, from your point of view, would be TOWARD YOU.
Wire is carrying current to the right. What is the direction of magnetic field below the wire?
The direction of the magnetic field below the wire would be INTO THE PLANE OF THE PAPER.
Wire is carrying current directly away from you. What is the direction of magnetic field to the right of the wire?
The direction of the magnetic field to the right of the wire would be UP.
Wire is carrying current down. What is the direction of magnetic field to the left of the wire?
The direction of the magnetic field to the left of the wire would be INTO THE PLANE OF THE PAPER.
Wire is carrying current directly away from you. What is the direction of magnetic field above the wire?
The direction of the magnetic field above the wire would be CLOCKWISE.
In conclusion, the direction of magnetic fields around a wire carrying current is determined by the direction of the current flow, and can be determined using the right-hand rule. The direction of magnetic fields can vary depending on the orientation of the wire and the direction of the current flow.
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