Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
1 .Water :has High specific heat capacity - it takes a lot of energy to increase 1g of water 1 degree centigrade.Therefore stratification occurs in lentic ecosystems.
Summer stratification: Intense solar radiation in the summer causes stratification in lakes.Splits into: epilimnion, metalimnion/thermoline, hypolimnion.
Epilimnion : Because of higher temp in summers, the epilimnion or the top layer is warmer, and the surface has some degree of circulation in the upper layerThis layer is less dense due to the higher temperature and therefore sits above the other layers.
Metalimnion:Middle layer is where there is a steep gradient of temperature change between warm surface water and colder water.Rapid shift of 10 degrees from 18 to 8 degrees celcius, 1 centigrade per metre change on average. Can be described as a thermal barrier between warm and cold layers.
Hypolimnion: Is denser in summer.Colder water, dense, to 4 degree centigrade with summer stratification? At 4 degrees, it starts becoming less dense (and floats).
Heat loss in lentic ecosystems: (A.)Heat is lost in a lentic system via evaporation, conduction and convection (B.) In terms of organisms in lentic environments - heat is lost via respiration
Autumn stratification: Less solar radiation, air temperature drops. The epilimnion loses heat and starts to sink due to increase in density, forcing the thermocline deeper in the lentic lake body. Until eventually, it becomes so deep, it has taken over the entire lake. Hypolinion and metalimnion no longer exist. A uniform temperature distribution is reached throughout the lentic body, known as mixing or overturning. It will also mix oxygen and nutrients, to some degree plankton species .
2. The epilimnion is often referred to as the trophogenic area of lentic systems, where mixing through wind and wave action as well as photosynthesis exceeds respiration, whereas the hypolimnion is referred to as the tropholytic region, where organic material is synthesized and mineralization by bacteria occurs.