Question

3. Characteristics of expert systems include all of the following except a. Highly effective b. Understandable c. Reproducible O d. capable of critical decision making As companies become more automated through the use of artificial intelligence and expert systems, organizations must strategically plan for a potential impact on future employment. 4. An artificial neural network does all of the following except: O a. Looks for patterns in large data sets b. Reacts to emotional stimulation Uses feedback in training O d. Processes multiple attempts looking for the correct answer

Answer 1

Expert systems have characteristics such as effectiveness, understandability, and reproducibility, but they lack critical decision-making capabilities. Artificial neural networks analyze large data sets and utilize feedback in training, but they do not react to emotional stimulation. Organizations should strategically plan for the impact of automation on future employment.

Step-by-step explanation:

Characteristics of expert systems include being highly effective, understandable, and reproducible. However, one characteristic that they do not have is the capability of critical decision making. Expert systems rely on rules and heuristics to solve complex problems but do not possess the ability to make critical decisions like humans can.

An artificial neural network is a type of artificial intelligence that looks for patterns in large data sets, processes multiple attempts looking for the correct answer, and uses feedback in training. However, it does not react to emotional stimulation.

As companies implement more automation through the use of artificial intelligence and expert systems, it is important for organizations to plan for the potential impact on future employment.

Answer 2

Expert systems are not capable of critical decision making as they lack fluid intelligence, consciousness, and intentionality. Artificial Neural Networks do not react to emotional stimulation since current AI technology does not encompass emotional understanding and is considered weak AI, performing specific tasks.

Step-by-step explanation:

Characteristics of Expert Systems

Characteristics of expert systems include their ability to use heuristics to solve complex problems, reliance on rules of thumb to guide them, and their use of cognitive skills to make decisions. However, expert systems are not capable of critical decision making in the same way humans are. The critical decision making involves understanding complex relationships and solving problems, a trait of fluid intelligence, which expert systems lack because they do not possess true consciousness or intentionality.

Artificial Neural Networks

An artificial neural network (ANN) is designed to look for patterns in large data sets, use feedback during training, and process multiple attempts for finding the correct answer. ANNs are modeled after the human brain's network of neurons and are part of the artificial intelligence spectrum. However, they do not react to emotional stimulation, as this is beyond the capabilities of current artificial intelligence, which primarily operates within the realms of weak AI, performing specific tasks without genuine emotional understanding.